Here's One Use
Of U.S.
Power
Jacques Can't Stop
December 17, 2004; Page A14
We see where a curator at France's
Pompidou Center
says his museum is opening a branch in Hong Kong,
because "U.S.
culture is too strong" there, and "we need to have a presence in Asia
to counterbalance the American influence." With the Pompidou Center?
"American influence" is the great white whale of the
21st century, and Jacques Chirac is the Ahab chasing her with a three-masted schooner. Along for
the ride is a crew that includes Egypt's Hosni Mubarak, Vladimir Putin, North
Korea's Kim Jong-Il, Kofi Annan,
the Saudi royal family, Robert Mugabe, the state
committee of Communist China and various others who have ordained themselves
leaders for life. At night, seated around the rum keg, they talk about how they
have to stop American political power, the Marines or Hollywood.
The world is lucky these despots and demagogues are breaking
their harpoons on this hopeless quest. Because all around them their own
populations are grabbing the one American export no one can stop: raw
technology. Communications technologies, most of them developed in American
laboratories (often by engineers who voted for John Kerry), have finally begun
to affect an historic shift in the relationship between governments and the
governed. The governed are starting to win.
Not that long ago, in 1989, the world watched demonstrators sit
passively in Tiananmen Square and fight the
authorities with little more than a papier-mâché Statue of Liberty. Poland's
Solidarity movement had to print protest material with homemade ink made from
oil because the Communist government confiscated all the printers' ink.
In 2004, in Ukraine's
Independence Square, they
had cell phones.
Using the phones' SMS messaging technology, demonstrators sent
messages to meet to 10 or so friends, who'd each SMS the message to 10 more
friends, and so on. It's called "smart-mobbing."
Meanwhile, community Web sites in Ukraine
would post the numbers of tents on the square where medical help was needed, or
the sites would recruit people with specific TV skills needed at Channel 5, the
lone independent TV station. The Ukrainian Supreme Court's historic Dec. 3
decision, declaring the election a fraud, was streamed on the Internet live
from a Kiev courtroom and watched real time in London, New York, Washington and
Toronto, sent out on e-mail distribution lists so the next steps could be
discussed by the reform network and put in motion within an hour.
Until recently, one-party or no-party governments had a standing
list of answers for people with a different notion: a) we don't care what you
think; b) shut up; c) we kill you. There's no sure cure for c, but Plans a and b are becoming obsolete. Once impervious political
authorities must now face the possibility of having their information monopoly
hammered by an array of mostly American-engineered technology -- smart cell
phones, communication satellites, e-mail, Web logs (or "blogs") and a seemingly endless stream of information-sharing
programs whose arcane names (RSS, Atom) hide their great power. The mass-market
power of the older media -- radio, TV, print -- is also being integrated with
the precision targeting of new technologies.
This past weekend, a few hundred of the people creating and
driving these things gathered at a conference organized by the Berkman Center
for Internet and Society at Harvard Law
School. It included individuals who
are proselytizing the new communications technologies to Iran, China, Iraq, South
Korea, Malaysia, India, Western Africa and even the U.S. military (individual
GIs are running an estimated 100 Web logs).
Isaac Mao, a Chinese entrepreneur who runs a blog-hosting
service, reported that in two years the number of personal, Chinese-language
Web logs has grown from 1,000 to 600,000. Many are run by English speakers, who
import, translate and distribute material from outside China.
Anyone want to guess the third-most used language on the Web,
behind English and Chinese? Farsi. Iran
now has about 75,000 individual Web logs. That's because a young, Toronto-based
Iranian journalist who publishes as Hoder created
tools in Farsi to make it possible. Only 10% of the Iranian blogs
could be called political; most discuss music, movies, poetry and Iranian or
Western culture. "Iran's
most interesting political conversations take place in taxis," said Hoder.
There's more coming. Developers from California
at the conference introduced the first Arabic-language blogging
tool. Created with support from Spirit of America, it will be used now in Iraq.
The Fadhil brothers of Iraqthemodel.com plan to
assemble 25 Internet journalists to report the Jan. 30 election. This effort
will be patterned after Ohmynews.com, the influential South Korean Web
newspaper.
China
uses up to 40,000 bureaucrats to police its explosion of blogs.
We'll no doubt find out how many anti-Web divisions Syria's
President Bashar al-Assad
has. (One provocateur at the conference plausibly suggested the greatest
opportunities for these technologies lie with one of the world's most
monopolized precincts -- local U.S.
politics.) In Africa, by contrast, the best political
communication occurs outside cyberspace, on talk-radio. The most interesting is
Ghana's
JoyFM (it maintains a lively Web site of Ghanaian
news at myjoyonline.com).
There is no need to oversell the power of these technologies.
What happened in Ukraine
won't happen in Cairo next month.
But unless Hosni Mubarak
and Vladimir Putin can come up with a way to shut
down every engineer and programmer in America
who is inventing new ways to output/input ideas and tweaking the ones we
already have, they've got a problem.
Their problem -- and the promise here --
is that this stuff is moving the world's people, and fast, toward the one
American product that governing elites really need to fear: free speech.
Some at the Berkman conference worried this still
isn't enough to "change things." Jeff
Jarvis, one of this movement's most intelligent thinkers set them straight:
"This is not about causes or organizing people. It's about us creating
these tools and then simply having faith in people who use them elsewhere to do
good."
Even the Pompidou Center
won't stop that.
Write to henninger@wsj.com